Roller-breaker plate for reducing machines



M. F WILLIAMS.

ROLLER BREAKER PLATE FOR REDUCING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 30, 1920.

Patented Mar. 21, 1922..

'LMOAS'T.

UNITED s'rArEs a PATENT 'OFFICE.

MILTON F. WILLIAMS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAMS PATENT CBUSHER & TULVERIZER COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

Specification of Letterslatent.

Patented Mar. v21, 1922.

Application filed December 30, 1920. Serial No. 434,034.

To all wkomvit may concern:

Be it known that I, MILTON F. \VILLIAMS, a citzen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, St-ate'of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Roller-Breaker Plates for Reducing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in roller breaker plates, the peculiarities of which will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

The main object of my invention is to provide a series of rollers, constituting a breaker plate that will also feed into a reducing machine the material delivered to the hopper of the machine; second to provide means to drive said rollers; and third to provide means to adjust said rollers to and from the path of the rotor in said ma chine.

In the accompanying drawing on which like reference letters indicate corresponding parts, Fig. 1 represents a vertical sectional elevation of a reducing machine exemplifying my invention; Fig. 2 a side elevation of said machine showing adjusting mechanism but without driving mechanism; Fig. 2, a single roller in the path of hammers; Fig. 3 a similar view to Fig. 2 showing driving means for the rollers; and Fig. 4 a plan view on the incline sectional plane 22 of Fig. 1.

The letter A designats a shaft of the re ducing machine carrying hammer supports E and preferably pivoted hammers B forming the rotor and mounted in a casing C. A cage D of any suitable form is mounted in said casing. The casing is provided with a hopper C having an inclined bottom F aligned with the adjacent end of the cage 1) but cut away at its lower end forming a space in which is mounted a plurality of rollers, preferably corrugated, and the lower one G mounted in the path of the rotor and adjacent to the cage D and also aligned with the hopper bottom F. The upper rollers G have their tops substantially in the inclined plane of the hopper bottom F and completely filling the cut-away portion of the hopper bottom, so as to form a continuation of said bottom. The grooves or corrugations on said rollers are ratchet faced, and

the rollers turn in the direction of the arrows so that the material delivered to said hopper Wlll be carried downward and inward to the path of the rotor by the rotation of the rollers, when operated by driving means described later.

The space between said rollers is compar tively slight, and so is the space between G and the adjacent end of the cage D; and G and the end of the hopper bottom F. Any fine material that may pass between said rollers, will be deflected downward and inward by an inclined wall F of the casing as shown in F ig. 1.

The rollers are preferably mounted on shafts g and g for the breaker roll and feeding rolls respectively, which shafts extend through elongated openings H, shown dotted in Fig. 1, in the sides of the hopper, so that the ends of the shafts are outside the casing. Suitable bearing supports, ptreferably adjustable, are provided for said shafts, such as a plate bar I on each side of the casing provided with bearings registering with said roller shafts, and having a ring J at the top by which it is hinged or pivoted on a boss K of a stud shaft L mounted on the hopper casing or otherwise. The free end of said bearing support is adjusted about the shaft L as a center by a screw M mounted in a boss .on the side of the casing, and having jam nuts N to secure it'in adjusted position. Other adjusting means may be used, whereby the rollers are chan ed in their inclination, and the lower roll is brought closer to the path of the rotor or further away from it, as may be desired. The corrugations of the breaker roll G are preferably upward as shown in Fig. 1 or reverse to the direction of rotation, since such corrugations coact with the hammers B to reduce the material fed to the roll and hammers by the rolls G above. The means for driving these rollers preferably consists of worm gears O and O for the breaker roll and upper rolls respectivel Fig. 3, with which are engaged worms upon a shaft Q mounted transversely to the roller shafts and over the worm gears, by suitable bearings R carried by the hinged plate bar I before mentioned, so that the transverse shaft with its worms will retain engagement with the worm gears whatever the adjustment of the bearing supports about its pivot or hinged end.

On the upper end of the transverse shaft is a bevel gear or pinion S that meshes with a bevel gear T, secured to a sprocket U, or other driving means, and both mounted on the said stud shaft L so that when rotatedwhich the bearing support swings in its ad justment. The plate portion fitting snugly a ainst the outside of the hopper casing, cl oses the elongated slots in the casing and prevents the exit of material through the same.

It is evident that any material striking the revolving roller will be fed downward and inward to the rotor chamber with a speed depending upon the speed of the driving mechanism, which speed is determined by circumstances and the material oper ated on.

Another feature is the gradual increase of peripheral speed of the rollers from upper to lower, so that the upper roller will have a slower speed than the lower rollers. This increase is substantially 5% and is obtained by varying the velocity ratio of the driving means for example, such as decreasing the diameter of the worm gears on the roller shafts from upper to lower, or increasing the pitch of the worms driving the gears, or both. The upper roller will therefore pick up the material and the lower rolls will gradually increase the speed of the material downward to the rotor and thus avoid any 46 wise, instead of by worm and gear as above described. Under the breaking action of the hammers on the material projecting over the roller into the path of the hammers, the

roller may rotate automatically; if it does not so rotate and thus bring the several teeth or portions of the roller successively into the path of the hammers, the crank W can be used to rotate the roller and bring other portions of the roller into a. position adjacent to the hammer circle opposite the roller.

I claim:

A reducing machine comprising a casing having a hopper with inclined bottom provided with a recess, a rotor having hammers and mounted in said casing, a plurality of rollers alined with said bottom and mounted in said recess and consisting of feed rolls having ratchet corrugations all pointing in the same direction, and also of a lower breaker roll with cutting corrugations, some of which are located adjacent to the hammer circle of said hammers and each corrugation successively co-acting with said hammers, a swinging support for said rollers pivoted to the axis of the upper feed roller and thus adapted to vary the distance of said breaker roll from the hammer circle without changing the alinement of the said rollers with each other, and means to in crease successively downward the peripheral speed of the feed rollers, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have aifixed my signature;

MILTON F. WILLIAMS. 

